UNODC was established in 1997 as part of the United Nations reform combining the previous UN Drug Control Programme and the Centre for International Crime Prevention. The mandate of the Office is enshrined in UN conventions like the three UN Conventions on Drugs, the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and its three Protocols on Trafficking in Persons, on Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air and on Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, the UN Convention against Corruption, the universal instruments against terrorism and the UN standards and norms in crime prevention and criminal justice. With the help of these instruments, UNODC helps Member States address the issues of illicit drugs, crime and terrorism.